1956 MOUNT RAINIER MT Washington State TRAVEL Brochure TOURISM National Park NPS

Description

1956 MT RAINIER BROCHURE
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Beautiful original 16-panel brochure from Mt Rainier National Park, 1956.
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Mount Rainier
(pronounced:
/
r
eɪ
ˈ
n
ɪər
/
),
Mount Tacoma
, or
Mount Tahoma
is the highest mountain of the
Cascade Range
of the
Pacific Northwest
, and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of
Washington
. It is a large active
stratovolcano
located 54 miles (87 km) south-southeast of
Seattle
, in the
Mount Rainier National Park
. It is the most
topographically prominent
mountain in the
contiguous United States
and the
Cascade Volcanic Arc
, with a summit elevation of 14,411 ft (4,392 m).
[4]
[5]
Mt. Rainier is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world, and it is on the
Decade Volcano
list.
[6]
Because of its large amount of glacial ice, Mt. Rainier could produce massive
lahars
that could threaten the entire
Puyallup River
valley, and poses a grave threat to the southern sections of the Seattle metropolitan area, a city of over 650,000 people with more than 3.7 million living in its metropolitan area.
[7]
Name
[
edit
]
Mount Rainier was first known by the
Native Americans
as Talol, or Tacoma or Tahoma. One hypothesis of the word origin is
[təqʷúʔbəʔ]
("mother of waters"), in the
Lushootseed language
spoken by the
Puyallup
people.
[8]
Another hypothesis is that "
Tacoma
" means "larger than
Mount Baker
" in Lushootseed: "Ta", larger, plus "Koma (Kulshan)", Mount Baker.
[9]
Other names originally used include Tahoma, Tacobeh, and Pooskaus.
[10]
The current name was given by
George Vancouver
, who named it in honor of his friend,
Rear Admiral
Peter Rainier
.
[11]
The
map of the Lewis and Clark expedition
of 1804-1806 refers to it as "Mt. Regniere".
Although "Rainier" had been considered the official name of the mountain,
Theodore Winthrop
, in his posthumously published 1862 travel book
The Canoe and the Saddle
, referred to the mountain as "Tacoma" and for a time, both names were used interchangeably, although "Mt. Tacoma" was preferred in the city of Tacoma.
[12]
[13]
In 1890, the
United States Board on Geographic Names
declared that the mountain would be known as "Rainier".
[14]
Following this in 1897, the Pacific Forest Reserve became the Mount Rainier Forest Reserve, and the national park was established three years later. Despite this, there was still a movement to change the mountain's name to "Tacoma" and Congress was still considering a resolution to change the name as late as 1924.
[15]
[16]
In the lead up to
Super Bowl XLVIII
, the
Washington State Senate
passed a resolution on Friday, January 31, 2014, temporarily renaming the mountain Mount
Seattle Seahawks
until the midnight after the Super Bowl, Monday, February 3, 2014,
[17]
in response to the renaming of 53 mountains in
Colorado
after the 53 members of the
Denver Broncos
by
Governor of Colorado
John Hickenlooper
.
[18]
After the 2015 restoration of the original name
Denali
to Mount McKinley in Alaska, debate over Mount Rainier's name intensified.
[19]
Geographical setting
[
edit
]
Mount Rainier is the highest mountain in Washington and the Cascade Range. This peak is located just east of Eatonville and just southeast of Seattle and Tacoma.
[20]
Mount Rainier is
ranked third
of the 128
ultra-prominent mountain peaks
of the United States. Mount Rainier has a
topographic prominence
of 13,210 ft (4,026 m), which is greater than that of
K2
, the world's second-tallest mountain, at 13,189 ft (4,020 m).
[21]
On clear days it dominates the southeastern horizon in most of the
Seattle-Tacoma metropolitan area
to such an extent that locals sometimes refer to it simply as "the Mountain."
[22]
On days of exceptional clarity, it can also be seen from as far away as
Corvallis, Oregon
(at Marys Peak) and
Victoria, British Columbia
.
[23]
With 26 major
glaciers
[24]
and 36 sq mi (93 km
2
) of permanent
snowfields
and glaciers,
[25]
Mount Rainier is the most heavily
glaciated
peak in the lower 48 states. The summit is topped by two
volcanic craters
, each more than 1,000 ft (300 m) in diameter, with the larger east crater overlapping the west crater.
Geothermal
heat from the
volcano
keeps areas of both crater rims free of snow and ice, and has formed the world's largest volcanic
glacier cave
network within the ice-filled craters,
[26]
with nearly 2 mi (3.2 km) of passages.
[27]
A small
crater lake
about 130 by 30 ft (39.6 by 9.1 m) in size and 16 ft (5 m) deep, the highest in North America with a surface elevation of 14,203 ft (4,329 m), occupies the lowest portion of the west crater below more than 100 ft (30 m) of ice and is accessible only via the caves.
[28]
[29]
The
Carbon
,
Puyallup
,
Mowich
,
Nisqually
, and
Cowlitz Rivers
begin at eponymous glaciers of Mount Rainier. The sources of the
White River
are
Winthrop
,
Emmons
, and
Fryingpan Glaciers
. The White, Carbon, and Mowich join the Puyallup River, which discharges into
Commencement Bay
at
Tacoma
; the Nisqually empties into
Puget Sound
east of
Lacey
; and the Cowlitz joins the
Columbia River
between
Kelso
and
Longview
.
Mount Rainier National Park
is a
United States National Park
located in southeast
Pierce County
and northeast
Lewis County
in
Washington
state.
[3]
It was established on March 2, 1899 as the fifth national park in the United States. The park encompasses 236,381 acres (369.35 sq mi; 956.60 km
2
)
[1]
including all of
Mount Rainier
, a 14,411-foot (4,392 m)
stratovolcano
.
[4]
The mountain rises abruptly from the surrounding land with elevations in the park ranging from 1,600 feet to over 14,000 feet (490 - 4,300 m). The highest point in the
Cascade Range
, around it are valleys, waterfalls,
subalpine
meadows
,
old-growth forest
and more than 25
glaciers
. The volcano is often shrouded in clouds that dump enormous amounts of rain and snow on the peak every year.
Mount Rainier is circled by the
Wonderland Trail
and is covered by several glaciers and snowfields totaling some 35 square miles (91 km
2
).
Carbon Glacier
is the largest glacier by volume in the
contiguous United States
, while
Emmons Glacier
is the largest glacier by area. Mount Rainier is a popular peak for
mountaineering
with some 10,000 attempts per year with approximately 50% making it to the summit.
The park contains outstanding subalpine meadows and 91,000 acres (37,000 ha) of old growth forests.
[5]
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