1855 Sydney NSW to Boston folded letter 3p green 1852 issue [45.77]

Description

Scarce 1854 cover from New South Wales to Boston MA.  3p 1852 issue, presumably a Scott #17, margins cut in.  45 rate marking (the single letter rate), various manuscript rates, "per madras" endorsement. Rimless Sydney marking on back, along with Boston Am. Pkt marking (reflect carriage on an American packet between England and the US).  May 22 dateline on letter content, with docketing noting received Aug 21.
The 3p stamp was ignored by the British post office. Insufficient postage or partially paid postage was not recognized under the US-British Treaty of 1848-49.  The 24 cent manuscript marking was applied in Boston and is a credit or accounting marking indicating that the US owed England this amount for their role in conveying this letter. The remaining 21 cents was retained by the US for their their internal postage(5cents) and 16 cents for carrying the letter across the Atlantic.
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